Understanding biodiversity, classification, and adaptations is crucial for grasping how life functions on Earth. Below is a collection of MCQs, one-mark and two-mark extra questions designed to test your knowledge of this fascinating chapter. Below are Bodhiclasses’ extra questions and answers related to diversity in the living world that includes plant classification, animal habitats, adaptations, and conservation efforts. You can read the summary of the chapter here.
MCQs on Diversity in the Living World
1. What is the term for the variety of life forms in an ecosystem?
a) Evolution
b) Adaptation
c) Biodiversity
d) Mutation
Answer: c) Biodiversity
2. Which of the following is a characteristic of dicot plants?
a) Parallel venation
b) Fibrous root system
c) Single cotyledon
d) Reticulate venation
Answer: d) Reticulate venation
3. Which type of root system is found in monocot plants?
a) Taproot
b) Fibrous root
c) Prop root
d) Adventitious root
Answer: b) Fibrous root
4. What is the main function of roots in plants?
a) Photosynthesis
b) Absorbing water and nutrients
c) Producing oxygen
d) Transporting food
Answer: b) Absorbing water and nutrients
5. Which part of a plant is responsible for making food?
a) Roots
b) Stem
c) Leaves
d) Flowers
Answer: c) Leaves
6. Which of the following is an amphibian?
a) Fish
b) Snake
c) Frog
d) Eagle
Answer: c) Frog
7. Birds are adapted for flying due to the presence of:
a) Hollow bones
b) Thick fur
c) Sharp claws
d) Gills
Answer: a) Hollow bones
8. Which adaptation helps camels survive in the desert?
a) Webbed feet
b) Thick fur
c) Humps for fat storage
d) Sharp claws
Answer: c) Humps for fat storage
9. Which of the following animals breathes through gills?
a) Frog
b) Whale
c) Dolphin
d) Fish
Answer: d) Fish
10. Which of these animals has a streamlined body for swimming?
a) Elephant
b) Shark
c) Tiger
d) Kangaroo
Answer: b) Shark
11. What type of habitat does a cactus plant prefer?
a) Rainforest
b) Desert
c) Ocean
d) Mountains
Answer: b) Desert
12. Which of the following is an example of an aquatic plant?
a) Neem
b) Banyan
c) Lotus
d) Mango
Answer: c) Lotus
13. What type of plants are commonly found in mountain regions?
a) Cacti
b) Deodar trees
c) Mangroves
d) Water hyacinths
Answer: b) Deodar trees
14. Which of these is an example of a terrestrial animal?
a) Shark
b) Dolphin
c) Tiger
d) Octopus
Answer: c) Tiger
15. Which type of plant has needle-shaped leaves to prevent water loss?
a) Banana
b) Pine
c) Rose
d) Mango
Answer: b) Pine
16. What is the main purpose of wildlife conservation?
a) Increase human population
b) Protect endangered species
c) Reduce forest area
d) Promote hunting
Answer: b) Protect endangered species
17. What is the major cause of deforestation?
a) Planting trees
b) Soil conservation
c) Cutting down forests for agriculture and construction
d) Rainfall
Answer: c) Cutting down forests for agriculture and construction
18. Which of the following is an endangered species?
a) Cow
b) Sparrow
c) Bengal Tiger
d) Dog
Answer: c) Bengal Tiger
19. Which movement was launched to protect trees from being cut down?
a) Save Silent Valley
b) Green Revolution
c) Chipko Movement
d) White Revolution
Answer: c) Chipko Movement
20. What is the best way to prevent soil erosion?
a) Cutting down trees
b) Overgrazing
c) Planting more trees
d) Increasing pollution
Answer: c) Planting more trees
One-Mark Questions and Answers
These short-answer questions assess basic understanding and recall of key concepts.
1. What is biodiversity?
Biodiversity refers to the variety of plants, animals, and microorganisms found in a particular region or ecosystem.
2. Give one example of a monocot plant.
Wheat is an example of a monocot plant.
3. Name the type of venation found in mango leaves.
Mango leaves have reticulate venation.
4. What is the main characteristic of a taproot system?
A taproot system consists of one main root growing deep into the soil with smaller branching roots.
5. Which group of animals can live both on land and in water?
Amphibians can live in both environments. Example: Frog, Tortoise.
6. Name one adaptation of a camel that helps it survive in the desert.
A camel has a hump that stores fat, which is used as an energy source when food is scarce.
7. What type of root system does maize have?
Maize has a fibrous root system.
8. What is the scientific term for a plant that climbs with the help of external support?
Such plants are called climbers. Example: Money plant.
9. Which part of a plant is responsible for photosynthesis?
The leaves perform photosynthesis.
10. Name one terrestrial and one aquatic animal.
- Terrestrial animal: Elephant
- Aquatic animal: Dolphin
11. What is the function of stomata in plants?
Stomata are tiny openings on leaves that help in gas exchange and transpiration.
12. Which organ helps fish breathe underwater?
Fish breathe using gills.
13. What is the term for plants that grow in deserts?
Plants that grow in deserts are called xerophytes.
14. What is the main function of plant roots?
Roots absorb water and nutrients from the soil and provide support to the plant.
15. What type of stem do trees have?
Trees have hard, woody stems.
16. Give an example of an animal that moves by crawling.
A snake moves by crawling.
17. What is the main role of decomposers in an ecosystem?
Decomposers break down dead plants and animals, recycling nutrients into the environment.
18. Name the scientist known as the ‘Birdman of India’.
Salim Ali is known as the ‘Birdman of India’.
19. What kind of leaf venation do rice plants have?
Rice plants have parallel venation.
20. What is the significance of a food chain?
A food chain shows the flow of energy from one organism to another in an ecosystem.
Two-Marks Questions and Answers
These questions require slightly detailed responses and help in better conceptual understanding.
1. How are monocot and dicot plants different from each other?
Monocots have one cotyledon, parallel venation, and fibrous roots, while dicots have two cotyledons, reticulate venation, and taproot systems.
2. What is the difference between a shrub and a tree?
Shrubs are medium-sized plants with multiple woody stems (e.g., Rose), while trees are large, tall plants with a single thick stem (e.g., Mango).
3. Why do desert plants have thick and fleshy stems?
Desert plants have thick stems to store water and spines instead of leaves to reduce water loss.
4. How do birds adapt to flying?
Birds have hollow bones to reduce weight, strong wing muscles, and feathers that help in aerodynamics.
5. What is a habitat? Give an example.
A habitat is the natural home of an organism. Example: A pond is the habitat of fish and frogs.
6. Explain the role of roots in plants.
Roots anchor the plant, absorb water and minerals, store food, and sometimes help in reproduction.
7. What are amphibians? Give two examples.
Amphibians are animals that can live both in water and on land. Examples: Frog, Salamander.
8. What is the importance of forests in maintaining biodiversity?
Forests provide habitats for wildlife, regulate the climate, and maintain the oxygen-carbon dioxide balance.
9. Why do mountain goats have strong hooves?
Strong, sharp hooves help mountain goats climb steep and rocky surfaces safely.
10. What are the three main types of plant classification based on stem height?
- Herbs – Small plants with soft stems (e.g., Mint)
- Shrubs – Medium-sized plants with woody stems (e.g., Hibiscus)
- Trees – Tall, large plants with thick stems (e.g., Banyan)
11. What is the difference between aquatic and terrestrial animals?
- Aquatic animals live in water and have adaptations like gills or fins (e.g., Fish).
- Terrestrial animals live on land and use legs or other structures for movement (e.g., Elephant).
12. How do animals in cold regions adapt to low temperatures?
Animals in cold regions develop thick fur, fat layers, and hibernation behaviors to survive.
13. Why do birds migrate?
Birds migrate to escape harsh weather conditions and find food and nesting areas.
14. What is the role of pollinators in plant reproduction?
Pollinators like bees and butterflies help transfer pollen from one flower to another, enabling fertilization.
15. What are decomposers? Give an example.
Decomposers break down dead organic matter into nutrients. Example: Fungi and Bacteria.
16. Why do some trees shed their leaves in winter?
To conserve water during cold months and reduce damage from snow or frost.
17. How do fish survive underwater?
Fish have gills for breathing, streamlined bodies for easy movement, and fins for navigation.
18. What is a food web?
A food web is a network of interconnected food chains showing how energy flows in an ecosystem.
19. How does deforestation impact the water cycle?
Deforestation reduces rainfall, increases soil erosion, and disrupts groundwater levels.
20. Why are forests called the “lungs of the Earth”?
Forests absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen, playing a key role in air purification and climate regulation.
Conclusion
This set of 60 extra questions and answers on biodiversity, classification, and environmental science is designed to enhance understanding, prepare students for exams, and reinforce key concepts.
Read more:
- Summary
- Analysis of the Chapter
- NCERT Textbook Solutions
- Extra Questions And Answers
- Sample Questions
